Question 1: Pick the odd one out and give reasons
(i) Jowar, Bajra, Ragi, Chana
- Answer: Chana is the odd one out.
- Reason: Jowar, Bajra, and Ragi are millets (cereals), whereas Chana (Chickpea) is a pulse (legume).
(ii) Kidney beans, Green gram, Soya bean, Rice
- Answer: Rice is the odd one out.
- Reason: Kidney beans, Green gram, and Soya bean are pulses/legumes (rich in protein), whereas Rice is a cereal (rich in carbohydrates).
Question 2: Discuss traditional versus modern culinary practices in India.
Answer:
- Traditional Practices: In the past, cooking was done on Chulhas using wood or coal. Grinding was done manually on a Sil-batta (stone grinder). Food was often cooked in clay pots which retained nutrients but took longer.
- Modern Practices: Today, we use Gas stoves (LPG) or induction cooktops which are cleaner and faster. We use electrical mixers/grinders which save time and effort. While modern methods are convenient, over-cooking or using excess refined oils can reduce nutritional value.
Question 3: “Good food may act as medicine.” Questions to ask.
Answer: Ravi could ask:
- “Which specific food items can help boost our immunity against common colds?”
- “If someone has weak bones, what foods can act as a remedy to strengthen them without taking pills?”
Question 4: Thoughts on delicious vs. healthy food.
Answer: It is true that taste does not always equal health.
- Example 1 (Delicious but Unhealthy): A burger or pizza tastes very good but is high in fats and refined flour, which is bad for health if eaten daily.
- Example 2 (Nutritious but Less Enjoyable): Bitter gourd (Karela) or boiled spinach might not taste delicious to everyone, but they are packed with vitamins and iron essential for the body.
- Conclusion: We should train our taste buds to enjoy healthy foods by cooking them in tasty ways.
Question 5: Medu’s diet problems.
Answer:
- Problem: Medu eats biscuits, noodles, and white bread (refined flour/Maida) and skips vegetables. He suffers from stomach ache and constipation.
- Cause: His diet lacks Roughage (Dietary Fibre) which is essential for bowel movement.
- Changes Required: He needs to include Dietary Fibres.
- Eat green leafy vegetables and fruits.
- Switch from white bread to whole wheat bread.
- Drink plenty of water.
Question 6: Reshma’s vision problem.
(i) Which deficiency disease is she suffering from?
- Answer: Night Blindness (difficulty seeing in dim light).
(ii) Which food component may be lacking in her diet?
- Answer: Vitamin A.
(iii) Suggest some food items.
- Answer: Carrot, Papaya, Milk, Mango, Fish oil, Green leafy vegetables.
Question 7: Choice between Canned Juice, Fresh Juice, Fresh Fruit.
Answer: I would prefer (iii) Fresh Fruit.
- Reason: While fresh juice has vitamins, it often lacks dietary fibre (pulp is removed). Canned juice often contains added sugar and preservatives. A whole fresh fruit provides vitamins, minerals, water, and roughage (fibre), making it the healthiest choice.
Question 8: Gourav’s Fracture.
(i) Why did the doctor give calcium tablets?
- Answer: Calcium is the mineral required for making bones strong and healing the fracture.
(ii) Why Vitamin D syrup on the second visit?
- Answer: Vitamin D helps the body absorb calcium. Without Vitamin D, taking calcium tablets might not be effective as the body cannot use the calcium.
(iii) Question about doctor’s choice?
- Answer: “Why didn’t the doctor suggest natural sources like sunlight for Vitamin D or milk for Calcium instead of just medicines?”